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--- dev:core:path [2020-04-28 20:27]
orwell
+++ dev:core:path [2020-06-24 12:49]
orwell add callbacks
@@ Line 57: / Line 57: @@
 The path is generated on the fly, as path items are requested.
-Every call to ''advtrains.path_get()'' (or one of the related functions) automatically generates the path as far as needed.
+Every call to ''advtrains.path_get()'' (or one of the related functions) automatically generates the path as far as needed. In order to access any of the secondary path tables (such as path_speed or path_cn), you need to make sure that ''advtrains.path_get()'' was called before. However, advtrains ensures that the range from ''train.index'' to ''train.end_index'' is always existent.
+The path system deletes path items that are behind the train and no longer needed automatically.
+===== Invalidation and restoration =====
+Whenever the tracks in the world change (e.g. a switch is switched), it is required to update (say 'invalidate') the paths of trains that include the changed track. This happens by a call to ''advtrains.invalidate_all_paths(pos)''.
+//With the ''new_lzb'' branch, it is preferred to use ''advtrains.invalidate_all_paths_ahead(pos)''. See ''invalidate ahead'' below.//
+A path invalidation clears all path-related tables and variables. They remain cleared until the next call to ''train_ensure_init()'', which should be called before operating on a train, but is at least called before the next train step.
+To restore the path from save files or after a path invalidation, the following values are saved in the train (and in the save files) in every step:
+<code>
+train.last_pos -- the world position of the path item currently at floor(train.index)
+train.last_connid = the connid of the track connection pointing forward
+train.last_frac = the fractional part of train.index
+</code>
+To restore, train.last_pos becomes path item 0, train.index becomes last_frac, and path generation continues in last_connid direction. This causes an index shift, which also prevents integer overflows.
+Note that, to have an estimated rough position of a train, you can simply query ''train.last_pos''.
+A path invalidation can also occur when LZB checkpoints change, see [[dev:core:lzb]] for more info on that.
+===== Invalidate Ahead =====
+In order to prevent a complete path recalculation when a far-away rail changes, ''path_invalidate_ahead()'' was added in the ''new_lzb'' branch. This function clears path items that are **ahead of** (exclusive) the passed index, and does not cause an index shift.
+Obviously, due to the way the path restoration works, this would cause problems when the starting index is behind the train's current index. By default, when this case happens, ''path_invalidate_ahead()'' throws an error. However passing the ''ignore_when_passed = true'' parameter causes nothing to happen in this case, which is sometimes desirable and sufficient (e.g. when a switch is switched after the train has already passed it, it doesn't matter).
+''path_invalidate_ahead()'' also invalidates LZB checkpoints and re-calls approach callbacks up from the given index. Important: LZB invalidation occurs **inclusive**, so the first approach callback to be called again is the node at ''index'', although the first path item that was actually cleared was ''index + 1''. This is required for interlocking signals to work.
+In the future, path_invalidate_ahead() is to be preferred over path_invalidate().
+===== Callbacks =====
+A callback system exists to react to path-related events. Most internal components (e.g. LZB) use these to hook into the path system.
+==== Path callbacks ====
+There's a relevant comment in occupation.lua:
+<code>
+Callback system for 3rd-party path checkers:
+advtrains.te_register_on_new_path(func(id, train))
+-- Called when a train's path is re-initalized, either when it was invalidated
+-- or the saves were just loaded
+-- It can be assumed that everything is in the state of when the last run
+-- of on_update was made, but all indices are shifted by an unknown amount.
+advtrains.te_register_on_update(func(id, train))
+-- Called each step and after a train moved, its length changed or some other event occured
+-- The path is unmodified, and train.index and train.end_index can be reliably
+-- queried for the new position and length of the train.
+-- note that this function might be called multiple times per step, and this
+-- function being called does not necessarily mean that something has changed.
+-- It is ensured that on_new_path callbacks are executed prior to these callbacks whenever
+-- an invalidation or a reload occured.
+advtrains.te_register_on_create(func(id, train))
+-- Called right after a train is created, right after the initial new_path callback
+advtrains.te_register_on_remove(func(id, train))
+-- Called right before a train is deleted
+All callbacks are allowed to save certain values inside the train table, but they must ensure that
+those are reinitialized in the on_new_path callback. The on_new_path callback must explicitly
+set ALL OF those values to nil or to a new updated value, and must not rely on their existence.
+</code>
+''new_lzb'' adds another callback for invalidate_ahead:
+<code>
+advtrains.te_register_on_invalidate_ahead(func(id, train, start_idx))
+</code>
+==== Node Callbacks ====
+The node callbacks are driven by a special Path Callback defined in trainlogic.lua:
+<code>
+-- enter/leave-node callbacks
+-- signature is advtrains.tnc_register_on_enter/leave(function(pos, id, train, index) ... end)
+advtrains.tnc_register_on_enter(func(pos, id, train, index))
+advtrains.tnc_register_on_leave(func(pos, id, train, index))
+-- Node callback for approaching
+-- Might be called multiple times, whenever path is recalculated. Also called for the first node the train is standing on, then has_entered is true.
+-- signature is function(pos, id, train, index, has_entered, lzbdata)
+-- has_entered: true if the "enter" callback has already been executed for this train in this location
+-- lzbdata: arbitrary data (shared between all callbacks), deleted when LZB is restarted.
+-- These callbacks are called in order of distance as train progresses along tracks, so lzbdata can be used to
+-- keep track of a train's state once it passes this point
+advtrains.tnc_register_on_approach(func(pos, id, train, index, has_entered, lzbdata))
+</code>

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